A ProMED-mail post
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International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org

Date: Wed 26 Apr 2023 11:13 AM IST
Source: The New Indian Express [summ. Mod.DHA, edited]
https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2023/apr/26/unknown-disease-ruins-paddy-crop-dashes-farmers-hope-in-odisha-2569549.html


In Odisha, an unidentified disease has affected paddy crops. Plants first turned pale after which the entire plant got damaged. The crops have symptoms of 2 or 3 diseases but farmers are unable to identify the exact cause. Agriculture Department officials have collected samples.

Large tracts of paddy cultivation have been affected by the disease, farmers said. Officials have assessed the damage of crops on over 300-400 hectares, but farmers say around 2000-3000 hectares [about 4942-7414 acres] have been affected.

Agriculture officers will visit all blocks to further assess the situation. The region witnessed sweltering heat and incessant rainfall in succession. They say that while the crops developed rice blast and bacterial leaf blight, excessive application of urea further led to neck blast. Crops sprayed with agrochemicals in the initial stage of disease would be able to be revived, but those completely affected by disease are almost destroyed.

--
Communicated by:
ProMED

[The diseases mentioned above are:
- rice blast caused by the fungus _Pyricularia oryzae_; depending on which plant parts are affected, the disease may manifest itself as leaf, collar, node, or neck blast;
- bacterial leaf blights (BLB) caused by _Xanthomonas oryzae_ pv. _oryzae_
or _Pantoea ananatis_.
For further information on these diseases see previous ProMED posts in the archives.

It is unclear whether additional pathogens may be present in the area above, leading to co-infections with unusual symptoms and so causing confusion for a diagnosis of the problem. A range of pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes have been reported to affect rice crops in the region. Hopefully, this will be able to be clarified from the additional samples taken by the officials. Reliable diagnosis of the cause(s) and/or pathogen(s) associated with the problems is essential before any management strategies can be designed.

Maps
India (with states):
http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/india/india-political-map.htm and
https://promedmail.org/promed-post?place=8709882,315

Pictures
Rice blast symptoms:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/ricebreedingcourse/blast.jpg (different symptomatic forms)
BLB affected rice plants:
http://www.invasive.org/images/768x512/0162037.jpg
Symptoms of some rice diseases via:
http://www.ipmimages.org/browse/Areasubs.cfm?area=125&div=2

Links
Information on rice blast:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management/diseases/item/blast-leaf-collar (with pictures)
BLB of rice, disease information:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/decision-tools/rice-doctor/rice-doctor-fact-sheets/item/bacterial-blight
Information on some diseases of rice via:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management/diseases (with pictures)
List of major diseases and pathogens of rice:
https://www.apsnet.org/edcenter/resources/commonnames/Pages/Rice.aspx
- Mod.DHA]

See Also

Black streaked dwarf disease, rice - India: etiology 20230302.8708669
2022
----
Yellowing & stunting, rice - India (02): southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus 20220830.8705308
Pantoea leaf blight, rice - India: (KL) 20220706.8704271
Blast disease, rice - India: (NL) 20220527.8703502
2021
----
Bacterial leaf blight, rice - India: (TN) alert 20211216.8700304
Blast disease, rice - India (02): (KL) 20211116.8699708
Bakanae disease, rice - India: (UP) 20210825.8620058
Blast disease, rice - India: (NL) 20210728.8549976
Blast disease, wheat - global epidemiology 20210324.8267471
2020
----
Tungro disease, rice - India: (AR) 20200917.7788698
Bacterial stalk rot, maize - India: (JK) 20200910.7767419
Undiagnosed disease, rice - India (02): (AS) 20200806.7649183
and additional items on rice diseases in the archives

Website: http://www.isid.org

Published: May 5, 2023